I have written many times the word “CISCO” in previous
material. Now it’s the time to explore the world of networking. Cisco is the
market leader in the field of networking. This company is started in the year
1984 and is now the world largest and biggest network equipment manufacturer
and designer.
Why we are talking about Cisco because without Cisco we
cannot go ahead in the field of networking. If we wanted to implement a new
solution in the small office or wanted to start a big infrastructure power
plant, we need Cisco. This company is everywhere, whether it is in Airport,
enterprise solution, retail shop, small office, football stadium Cisco is
everywhere.
For students, who wanted to explore the networking world,
they also need to purse certificate examinations of Cisco. Cisco has
certifications for everyone, whether it is for entry level, Associate Level,
Professional Level, Expert Level or an Architect Level. Cisco has designed
certifications for every level.
Cisco Certified
Network Associate (CCNA):
Or
Interconnecting
Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND1)
|
|
Interconnecting
Cisco Networking Devices Part 2 (ICND2)
|
The revised CCNA composite exam number is 200-120. CCNA and
for other certification we can logged in to:
About the CCNA Exam:
It would be a 90 minutes exam with 50-60 questions and exam
is being operated by Pearson VUE. This exam would be an objective type
questions along with simulations questions. The entire exam is of 1000 pints
and 850 is the passing score.
Exam Topics of CNNAX v2.0 along with their weight age are as
under:
· 10% 8.0 WAN Technologies
The above topics are further categorized as under:
1.
Operations of IP Data Network Details:
1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions
of various network
devices such as Routers, Switches, Bridges and Hubs
devices such as Routers, Switches, Bridges and Hubs
1.2 Select the components required to
meet a given network
specification
specification
1.3 Identify common applications and
their impact on the network
1.4 Describe the purpose and basic
operation of the protocols in
the OSI and TCP/IP models
the OSI and TCP/IP models
1.5 Predict the data flow between two
hosts across a network
1.6 Identify the appropriate media,
cables, ports, and connectors
to connect Cisco network devices to other network devices
and hosts in a LAN
to connect Cisco network devices to other network devices
and hosts in a LAN
2.1 Determine the technology and media
access control method
for Ethernet networks
for Ethernet networks
2.2 Identify basic switching concepts
and the operation of Cisco
switches.
switches.
a.
2.2.a Collision
Domains
b.
2.2.b Broadcast
Domains
c.
2.2.c Ways to
switch
i. 2.2.c (i) Store
ii. 2.2.c (ii) Forward
iii. 2.2.c (iii) Cut through
iv. 2.2.c (iv) CAM table
2.3 Configure and verify initial switch
configuration including remote
access management
access management
d.
2.3.a hostname
e.
2.3.b Managment
IP address
f.
2.3.c IP default-gateway
g.
2.3.d Local
user and password
h.
2.3.e Enable
secret password
i.
2.3.f Console
and VTY logins
j.
2.3.g
exec-timeout
k.
2.3.h Service
password encryption
l.
2.3.i copy run
start
2.4 Verify network status and switch
operation using basic utilities
m.
2.4.a ping
n.
2.4.b telnet
o.
2.4.c SSH
2.5 Describe how VLANs create logically
separate networks and
the need for routing between them
the need for routing between them
p.
2.5.a Explain
network segmentation and basic traffic management
concepts
concepts
2.6 Configure and verify VLANs
2.7 Configure and verify trunking on
Cisco switches
q.
2.7.a DTP
(topic)
r.
2.7.b
Auto-negotiation
2.8 Identify enhanced switching
technologies
s.
2.8.a RSTP
t.
2.8.b PVSTP
u.
2.8.c
EtherChannels
2.9 Configure and verify PVSTP
operation
v.
2.9.a Describe
root bridge election
w.
2.9.b Spanning
tree mode
3.
IP addressing (IPv4/IPv6):
3.1 Describe the operation and
necessity of using private and public
IP addresses for IPv4 addressing
IP addresses for IPv4 addressing
3.2 Identify the appropriate IPv6
addressing scheme to satisfy
addressing requirements in a LAN/WAN environment
addressing requirements in a LAN/WAN environment
3.3 Identify the appropriate IPv4
addressing scheme using VLSM
and summarization to satisfy addressing requirements in a LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN environment
and summarization to satisfy addressing requirements in a LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN environment
3.4 Describe the technological
requirements for running IPv6 in
conjunction with IPv4
conjunction with IPv4
3.4.a Dual stack
3.5
Describe IPv6
addresses
3.5.a
Global unicast
3.5.b Multicast
3.5.c Link local
3.5.d Unique local
3.5.e EUI 64
3.5.f Auto-configuration
- IP Routing Technologies:
4.1 Describe basic routing concepts
4.1.a Packet forwarding
4.1.b Router lookup process
4.1.c Process Switching/Fast
Switching/CEF
4.2 Configure and verify utilizing the
CLI to set basic router configuration
4.2.a Hostname
4.2.b Local user and password
4.2.c Enable secret password
4.2.d Console and VTY logins
4.2.e exec-timeout
4.2.f Service password encryption
4.2.g Interface IP Address
4.2.g (i) loopback
4.2.h banner
4.2.i MOTD
4.2.j copy run start
4.3 Configure and verify operation
status of a device interface
4.3.a Serial
4.3.b Ethernet
4.4 Verify router configuration and
network connectivity using
4.4.a ping
4.4.a (i) Extended ping
4.4.b traceroute
4.4.c telnet
4.4.d SSH
4.4.e Show cdp neighbors
4.5 Configure and verify routing
configuration for a static or default
route given specific routing requirements
route given specific routing requirements
4.6 Differentiate methods of routing
and routing protocols
4.6.a Static vs. dynamic
4.6.b Link state vs. distance vector
4.6.c next hop
4.6.d IP routing table
4.6.e Passive Interfaces (how they
work)
4.6.f Administrative distance
4.6.g split horizon
4.6.h metric
4.7 Configure and verify OSPF
4.7.a Benefit of single area
4.7.b Configure OSPv2
4.7.c Configure OSPv3
4.7.d Router ID
4.7.e Passive Interface
4.7.f Discuss multi-area OSPF
4.7.g Understand LSA types and purpose
4.8 Configure and verify interVLAN
routing (Router on a stick)
4.8.a Sub interfaces
4.8.b Upstream routing
4.8.c Encapsulation
4.9 Configure SVI interfaces
4.10 Manage Cisco IOS Files
4.10.a Boot Preferences
4.10.b Cisco IOS Images (15)
4.10.c Licensing
4.10.c (i) Show license
4.10.c (ii) Change license
4.11 Configure and verify EIGRP (single
AS)
4.11.a Feasible Distance/Feasible
Successors/Administrative
distance
distance
4.11.b Feasibility condition
4.11.c Metric composition
4.11.d Router ID
4.11.e Auto summary
4.11.f Path Selection
4.11.g Load Balancing
4.11.g (i) Unequal
4.11.g (ii) Equal
- IP Services:
5.1 Configure and verify DHCP (IOS
Router)
a.
5.1.a
Configuring router interfaces to use DHCP
b.
5.1.b DHCP
options (Basic overview and functionality)
c.
5.1.c Excluded
addresses
d.
5.1.d Lease
time
5.2 Describe the types, features, and
applications of ACLs
e.
5.2.a Standard
(editing and sequence numbers)
f.
5.2.b Extended
g.
5.2.c Named
h.
5.2.d Numbered
i.
5.2.e Log
option
5.3 Configure and verify ACLs in a
network environment
j.
5.3.a Named
k.
5.3.b Numbered
l.
5.3.c Log
option
5.4 Identify the basic operation of NAT
m.
5.4.a Purpose
n.
5.4.b Pool
o.
5.4.c Static
p.
5.4.d 1 to 1
q.
5.4.e
Overloading
r.
5.4.f Source
addressing
s.
5.4.g One-way
NAT
5.5 Configure and verify NAT for given
network requirements
5.6 Configure and verify NTP as a
client
5.7 Recognize High availability (FHRP)
t.
5.7.a VRRP
u.
5.7.b HSRP
v.
5.7.c GLBP
5.8 Configure and verify syslog
w.
5.8.a Utilize
syslog output
5.9
Describe SNMP
v2 and v3.
6.
Network Device Security:
6.1 Configure and verify network device
security features
6.1.a Device password security
6.1.b Enable secret vs enable
6.1.c Transport
i. 6.1.c (i) Disable telnet
ii. 6.1.c (ii) SSH
6.1.d VTYs
6.1.e Physical security
6.1.f Service password
6.1.g Describe external authentication
methods
6.2 Configure and verify switch port
security
6.2.a Sticky MAC
6.2.b MAC address limitation
6.2.c Static/dynamic
6.2.d Violation modes
iii. 6.2.d (i) errDisable
iv. 6.2.d (ii) shutdown
v. 6.2.d (iii) protect restrict
6.2.e Shutdown unused ports
6.2.f errDisable recovery
6.2.g Assign unused ports to an unused
VLAN
6.2.h Putting native VLAN to other than
VLAN 1
6.3 Configure and verify ACLs to filter
network traffic
6.4 Configure and verify an ACLs to
limit telnet and SSH access to
the router
the router
7.
Troubleshooting:
7.1 Troubleshoot and correct common
problems associated with
IP addressing and host configurations
IP addressing and host configurations
7.2 Troubleshoot and resolve VLAN
problems
7.2.a Identify that VLANs are
configured
7.2.b Verify port membership correct
7.2.c Correct IP address is configured
7.3 Troubleshoot and resolve trunking
problems on Cisco switches
7.3.a Verify correct trunk states
7.3.b Verify correct encapsulation id
configured
7.3.c Correct VLANs allowed
7.4 Troubleshoot and resolve ACL issues
7.4.a Verify statistics
7.4.b Verify permitted networks
7.4.c Verify direction
7.4.c (i)
Interface
7.5 Troubleshoot and resolve Layer 1
problems
7.5.a Framing
7.5.b CRC
7.5.c Runts
7.5.d Giants
7.5.e Dropped packets
7.5.f Late collisions
7.5.g Input/output errors
7.6 Identify and correct common network
problems
7.7 Troubleshoot and resolve spanning
tree operation issues
7.7.a Verify root switch
7.7.b Verify priority
7.7.c Verify mode is correct
7.7.d Verify port states
7.8 Troubleshoot and resolve routing
issues
7.8.a Verify routing is enabled (SHIP
protocols)
7.8.b Verify routing table is correct
7.8.c Verify correct path selection
7.9 Troubleshoot and resolve OSPF
problems
7.9.a Verify neighbor adjacencies
7.9.b Verify hello and dead timers
7.9.c Verify OSPF area
7.9.d Verify interface MTU
7.9.e Verify network types
7.9.f Verify neighbor states
7.9.g Review OSPF topology table
7.10 Troubleshoot and resolve EIGRP
problems
7.10.a Verify neighbor adjacencies
7.10.b Verify AS number
7.10.c Verify load balancing
7.10.d Split horizon
7.11 Troubleshoot and resolve interVLAN
routing problems
7.11.a Verify connectivity
7.11.b Verify encapsulation
7.11.c Verify subnet
7.11.d Verify native VLAN
7.11.e Port mode trunk status
7.12 Troubleshoot and resolve WAN
implementation issues
7.12.a Serial interfaces
7.12.b Frame relay
7.12.c PPP
7.13 Monitor NetFlow statistics
7.14 Troubleshoot EtherChannel problems
8.
WAN Technologies
8.1 Identify different WAN Technologies
8.1.a Metro Ethernet
8.1.b VSAT
8.1.c Cellular 3G/4G
8.1.d MPLS
8.1.e T1/E1
8.1.f ISDN
8.1.g DSL
8.1.h Frame relay
8.1.i Cable
8.1.j VPN
8.2 Configure and verify a basic WAN
serial connection
8.3 Configure and verify a PPP
connection between Cisco routers
8.4 Configure and verify frame relay on
Cisco routers
8.5 Implement and troubleshoot PPPoE
Similarly if you
wanted to pursue more of certification in various networking field like voice,
data centre, security, service provider, video and wireless. Also for higher
level like professional level, expert and architect level, details are provided
in link mentioned below:
CCNA Preparations
Recommended Readings
To study and prepare
for CCNA, we can take reference from CiscoPress Website.Just login into:
Various blog posts,
study groups and other discussions groups have been launched at cisco website.
Books For CCNAX v2.0:
Amazon.com is a rich
source of book libraray contains all CCNA and other Cisco certifications books.
Just login to Amazon.Com and search books like:
·
Cisco CCNA Routing and Switching 200-120 Foundation
Learning Guide Library By Anthony Sequeira, John Tiso
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